Brick Wall 101

Moving Your Research Forward

Don't expect anything new, if you don't do anything new. 

Of course the school existed, but I couldn't find any information until I started researching the people. I started with the teacher, and then, researched some townspeople.  So much was found.   

Coldwater, Kansas 1890

Setup

You've been searching for information on a missing school (cemetery, plot of land, the noun is not important).  But after searching the town history at the local genealogy society's library, exhausted newspaper searches of the school name, visited the local museum that confirms the settlement began with a post office, school, and two roads, nothing else can be found on the school.

What to Do?

Find townspeople to help you. Not the living ones, the ones who were around at the time.  Yes...they are deceased.

Need Names?

No names?  Well let's find some. I usually pull the town map and area plats first. An easy way to find names is to look at the town plat plus it will put the school, cemetery in perspective to your ancestors. The school should be specified on the map, but it may not be. If not, take note of the persons who own the most land, they are probably your town leaders. Just a hunch. Do a few quick searches on the landowners in newspapers and town minutes.  You may have to do annual analysis of the town plats until you find the plot where the school resided. 

The idea is to find school information through the townspeople.  Stop searching by the school name!

1)  Where did the land come from for the school? Was it purchased by an individual, set aside by the town leaders? Why not research the early land plats and deeds to see if the land was parceled or gifted?  Who lived around the school?  The key is to get names! 

2) Verify early students and  teachers. Keep in mind that historically,  teachers were as young as 14 years old. Here you are going to read obits and social clips for school references. Early newspapers even reported attendance, so you can get an idea of the student body size.   

3)  Who were the town's leaders at the time?  Aldermen and city council minutes can be a gold mine.

Remember, you can substitute school with any noun.  The same research principles apply.

Kathleen Brandt

a3Genealogy@gmail.com

Irish Landowners and Voting Rights

PRONI FreeHolders' Records

FreeHolder  Record - James Morris

If your Irish ancestor owned land, or leased land you may find information on him in freeholders' records.  These records were kept as early as 1727 for Protestant landowners.  After 1793, Catholic landowners were also extended the right to vote.  Family historians may wish to research these records that were generated by voter and landowner activities. 

What Are Freeholders' Records?

A freeholder was a man who owned his land outright or who held it by lease.  These landowners gained voting privileges creating Freeholders' records.  The best description of these records are on the PRONI website. Following is a quick recap/extract of the website posting:

Freeholders' records are held within the Public Record Office of Northern Ireland (PRONI).  The PRONI freeholders project indexed and digitized approximately "5,500 sheets from pre-1840 Registers and Poll Books." These Freeholders' Registers and Poll Books are often used to substitute records lost in the 1922 Dublin fire.

These records hold land ownership information to include the name and address of the freeholder.  The researcher may also uncover a description of the freehold and its value.  If leased, name and address of the landlord may also be provided.   From a genealogical standpoint, the researcher may verify the occupation and religion of a freeholder ancestor.

The website specifies that some of the records are in their original form, while others are transcripts or manuscripts.

Freeholder Records can be searched by name and address.  Visit the PRONI FreeHolder's Record webpage to begin your search.

Kathleen Brandt

a3genealogy@gmail.com

Irish Family Research

Public Record Office of Northern Ireland (PRONI)  

What Is PRONI?

The Public Record Office of Northern Ireland (PRONI) is one of the favored repositories for genealogy and family research for No. Ireland. (Of course the National Archives Of Ireland is another.)  But, what's interesting, is that although PRONI'S emphasis is in Northern. Ireland, you may find your Republic of Ireland or British ancestors hiding in these records.

Many historians already know of the civil "war" of 1922* (see comments) which resulted in a fire destroying historical records and archives held at Four Courts, Dublin.  Of course many vital records were lost.  However, with a bit of digging, researchers can recreate their ancestors past by substituting records and compiling other resources.  Even where the originals have been destroyed, indexes can give you a clue to your ancestor's whereabouts. 

Where To Start

At minimum feel free to conduct a name search using the online index.  The Name Search Index

includes ancestral names pulled from the following:

• index to pre-1858 wills
• limited diocesan will indexes
• surviving fragments of the 1740 and the 1766 religious census returns
• 1775 dissenters petitions
• pre-1910 coroners' inquest papers

Lost Records and Their Substitutes

Census

Few census returns from 1821 to 1851 survived the fire of 1922.  However, extracts from the 1841 and 1851 census are in the Old Age Pension books held at the National Archives of Ireland (NAI).  These archives can be used to prove  age (from baptisms).  The Old Age Pension was introduced in Ireland in 1908.

Under the auspices of "confidentiality," census returns between 1861-1891 were destroyed  in compliance with a Government order.  For more information visit Census Records 19th Century. 

Wills and Bonds 

The original pre-1858 original wills, administration bonds and marriage "licence" bonds were destroyed.  However, indexes survived, and can be used as viable reference tool.  There are over 15,500 entries in this index.  The researcher will also want to search the Privately Deposited Archives for copies of wills. 

Indexes to Diocesan administration bonds (admons)

For many researchers we would love to review the original diocesan administration bonds  which were some of the oldest records of interest for the genealogists. However, these original bonds dating between the 1600 and 1857, were destroyed.  Although not a direct substitute for the information that could have been extracted from originals, the salvaged indexes can be used a reference tool.

• Dromore diocesan administration bonds, 1742 -1857
• Armagh diocesan administration bonds, 1600 - 1858
• Derry diocesan administration bonds, 1698/9 -1857
• Down diocesan administration bonds, 1641-1857

Parish Records
The 1922 fire also was responsible for the destruction of 1,006 Church of Ireland parishes records. You will want to check the microfilm holdings at PRONI to research the preserved parish records.  Additional parish records can be found at the National Archives of Ireland. in Dublin.

Pre-1910 Coroners' Inquest Papers

In total, 5911 files and papers relating to Coroners’ Inquests, 1872-1909 can be searched using the Name Search.  Although these records, dated from 1872 to 1997, are held at PRONI, most of the recent inquest papers are closed to the public. Not every inquest record created by coroners are cataloged, (but they most likely exist), so it is suggested that you contact PRONI, if you have a negative name search result.  For more information  visit Coroners' Inquest Papers - What's Available? 

Other Records  

The following records are not held at the Public Record Office of Northern Ireland, but can be found in other repositories within Ireland and will assist with your efforts to piece-meal your ancestor's past:

• Births, Death and Marriage Certificates (Civil Registration)
• 1911 Census
• Records of the British Armed Forces
• Adoption records
• Land Registers of Northern Ireland

For location of these records, visit Records Not Held in PRONI. 

*Note: The PRONI website uses the controversial term "civil disturbances" which was originally used in this blog posts.  However, after further research and reader communication we have chosen to use the more accurate term "civil war."  See comments for reader communication.   

Kathleen Brandt
a3genealogy@gmail.com